CCTV & Video Streaming Protocols

🎥 Streaming & Transport Protocols

RTSP

📌 Controls live video streaming

▶ Start / Stop / Pause video feeds

RTP

📦 Delivers real-time audio & video

🔁 Works with RTSP

UDP

⚡ Low latency, fast delivery

❌ No guaranteed packet delivery

TCP

🔒 Reliable and ordered transmission

✔ Used when accuracy matters

🔌 Standards & Interoperability

ONVIF

🔗 Enables multi-vendor compatibility

📷 Cameras ↔ NVR ↔ VMS

GigE Vision

🏭 Industrial camera standard

🚀 High-speed Ethernet image transfer

🎮 Camera Control

PTZ

↔ Pan | ↕ Tilt | 🔍 Zoom

🎯 Remote camera movement

Pelco-D

🎛 Legacy PTZ control protocol

🔄 Still widely supported

🗜 Video Compression Formats

H.264 (AVC)

📉 Balanced quality & bandwidth

🌍 Most widely used codecs

H.265 (HEVC)

📉 50% less bandwidth than H.264

🖼 Higher resolution support

🌐 Streaming Methods

Unicast

👤 One stream → One viewer

📊 Higher bandwidth usage

Multicast

👥 One stream → Multiple viewers

💡 Bandwidth efficient

🔗 Stream Identification

Media String

🔑 RTSP / ONVIF stream URL

🎥 Defines channel & stream type

🧠 Where You’ll See These Used

🏢 Surveillance Systems

🏭 Industrial Vision

🚦 Smart Cities

☁️ Cloud Video Platforms